A cikin duniyar fasaha da ke ci gaba da ci gaba zuwa mafi ƙarfi da sarƙaƙƙiya mafita, wani tsari na daban ya ɗauki sha'awar kayan masarufi da masu sha'awar software kyauta. Karamar kwamfuta ce da za ta iya gudanar da rarraba Linux ta amfani da kwakwalwan kwamfuta guda uku kawai 8-pin da ake kira 8 Pin Linux.
Wannan aikin, wanda injiniya Dimity Grinberg ya kirkira, ya cimma abin da ake ganin kusan ba zai taba yiwuwa ba: gudanar da cikakken tsarin aiki kamar Linux a kan allo wanda ya dace da sauki cikin tafin hannu. Abu mafi ban mamaki duka shine cewa yana samun wannan ba tare da yin amfani da dandamali na yau da kullun kamar Rasberi Pi ko Arduino ba, amma ta hanyar dogaro da ƙanƙanta da ƙwararrun tsari.
Menene ainihin 8pinLinux?
Wannan aikin 8 Pin Linux An haife shi azaman nunin fasaha na yadda iya aiki a cikin kwamfuta zai iya tafiya idan an ɗauke shi zuwa matsananci. Maimakon yin fare akan na'urori masu yankan-baki ko ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mai sauri, tsarin Grinberg ya kasance. ƙara yawan aiki tare da mafi ƙarancin fa'idodi Don haka kuna iya ganin yadda wannan ra'ayi ke da alaƙa da sauran ƙananan kwamfutoci a kasuwa.
An gina wannan microcomputer akan a Hukumar da'ira ta Buga (PCB) musamman an ƙera shi don ɗaukar manyan kwakwalwan kwamfuta guda uku kawai, duk a cikin marufi 8-pin SOIC (Ƙananan Ƙididdigar Haɗin Kai). Waɗannan abubuwan, duk da ƙayyadaddun iyakokin su, suna gudanar da aiki tare don samar da tushen aiki mai aiki don Linux.
Abubuwan da ke sa wannan aikin zai yiwu
Chips guda uku sun yi amfani da murfin muhimman ayyuka a cikin kowace tsarin kwamfuta, ko da yake a wannan yanayin suna yin haka a ƙarƙashin ka'idar maximization albarkatun a cikin ƙaramin sarari, da nufin nuna cewa Linux za a iya aiki ba tare da na'ura na al'ada ba.
- STM32G0 tare da gine-ginen ARM Cortex-M0+: Wannan microcontroller yana aiki a matsayin babban mai sarrafa tsarin. Kodayake guntu ce mai iyaka idan aka kwatanta da CPUs na zamani, yana ba da isasshe don gudanar da ayyuka na yau da kullun godiya ga ƙaƙƙarfan gine-ginen ARM.
- 8 MB na ƙwaƙwalwar PSRAM: Wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya tana aiki azaman tsarin RAM. Abu ne mai mahimmanci a cikin kowane tsarin aiki kuma, kodayake ƙarfin sa yana da ƙasa sosai ta ƙa'idodi na yanzu, yana ba Linux damar aiki tare da wasu iyakoki.
- Saukewa: USB PL2303GL: Yana da alhakin samar da haɗin kai da wutar lantarki. Yana ba da ingantaccen fitarwa na 3.3V tare da halin yanzu na 100mA, wanda ya fi isa ga irin wannan tsarin da ke ƙunshe.
Baya ga waɗannan mahimman abubuwa guda uku, ƙaramin allo ya haɗa da a Ramin katin microSD, wanda ke aiki azaman ƙarin tsarin ajiya. Yana adana tsarin aiki (Debian, a cikin wannan yanayin) tare da bayanan wucin gadi. Kodayake saurin karantawa da rubuta ba shine mafi kyau ba, tsarin har yanzu yana aiki kuma yana aiki, wanda hakan babbar nasara ce. Wannan yana da ban sha'awa yayin kwatanta 8pinLinux tare da sauran zaɓuɓɓukan micro PC.
Sihiri da ke bayan aikin: kwaikwayon MIPS da matsananciyar haɓaka 8pinLinux
Abu mafi ban sha'awa game da aikin ba wai kawai ƙarami ba ne, amma yadda aka samu. cewa Linux yana aiki a cikin irin wannan yanayi mai iyaka. Don cimma wannan, Grinberg ya koma wani MIPS architecture emulator, kayan aiki da ke ba ka damar fassara da aiwatar da umarnin da aka tsara don wannan dandamali akan na'urar sarrafa ARM na guntu.
Godiya ga wannan koyi, yana yiwuwa a fara sigar Debian, wanda ko da yake yana fama da matsalolin gudu (farawa yana da jinkirin musamman kuma mai dubawa yana da mahimmanci), yana da cikakken aiki. Wannan yana nuna, sake, matsananciyar daidaitawar kwaya ta Linux, mai iya aiki akan kusan kowane kayan aiki idan an yi gyare-gyaren da suka dace.
Haɗin bas ɗin da aka raba: ƙalubalen fasaha
Daya daga cikin manyan kalubale a lokacin ci gaba shi ne raba bayanan bas tsakanin katin SD da tsarin haɗin USB. Dukansu sassan biyu suna buƙatar sadarwar SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), wanda zai iya haifar da tsangwama.
Don magance wannan rikici, Grinberg ya aiwatar da wani SPI na musamman tace zirga-zirga wanda ke ba da damar raba sigina mai girma da ƙananan mitar. Wannan fasaha, wanda ba a saba da shi ba a cikin irin wannan taro, ya ba da damar duka abubuwa biyu suyi aiki a lokaci guda ba tare da lalata kwanciyar hankali na tsarin ba.
Kwatanta da sauran microcomputers tare da 8pinLinux
Don sanya girman wannan aikin cikin mahallin, yana iya zama taimako a kwatanta shi da wasu sanannun na'urori kamar Rasberi Pi. Ƙarshen yana auna kusan 85mm x 56mm, yayin da PCB na 8 Pin Linux Yana kusa da 30 mm x 30 mm, wato, yana da kusan Sau 20 karami. Bambanci a cikin girman ya sa ya zama na'ura mai ban sha'awa idan aka kwatanta da sauran ƙananan PC.
Kuma kodayake fasalulluka ba su ma kwatankwacin nesa ba kusa ba, ƙimar 8pinLinux ya ta'allaka ne akan ikonsa na aiki azaman filin gwaji don bincike na gaba a wurare kamar tsarin da aka haɗa, IoT ko ilimin fasaha. Kyakkyawan zaɓi ga waɗanda sababbi zuwa shirye-shirye da kwamfuta.
Shin yana da aikace-aikace masu amfani ko kuma gwaji ne kawai?
Wannan microcomputer ba ayi nufin maye gurbin kwamfutoci na gargajiya ko SBCs (Computer Board guda ɗaya) kamar Rasberi Pi ko Banana Pi. Yana da ƙarin tabbacin ra'ayi wanda ke nuna yuwuwar software na kyauta lokacin amfani da kerawa da ilimin fasaha. Ana iya kwatanta wannan sabuwar dabarar da sauran na'urori, kamar su Acer Revo One.
Darajar yana cikin nuna cewa yana yiwuwa a rage girman kayan aiki ba tare da sadaukar da ayyuka na asali ba. Waɗannan fasalulluka sun sa ya zama ɗan takara mai yuwuwar aikace-aikace inda farashi, girma da amfani da wutar lantarki ke da mahimmanci, kamar:
- Na'urori masu rahusa don ilimin fasaha.
- Musamman takamaiman ayyukan sarrafa kansa na masana'antu.
- Abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin filin IoT.
- Gwajin dakunan gwaje-gwaje don ɗaliban injiniyan lantarki ko kimiyyar kwamfuta.
Linux a matsayin alamar daidaitawa da dorewa
Kwayar Linux ta tabbatar, kuma, ta m versatility. Mai ikon tafiyar da komai daga sabar kamfanoni masu ƙarfi zuwa wannan ƙaramar na'ura mai guntu uku, an ƙera ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun tsarin aiki a tarihi. Ga waɗanda ke neman mafita a duniyar software ta kyauta, wannan zaɓi ne mai ban sha'awa.
Irin waɗannan ayyuka suna ƙarfafa amfaninsu ba kawai saboda ayyukansu ba, har ma saboda nasu m, m da ilimi hanya. A cikin mahallin da sharar lantarki ke ƙaruwa kuma na'urori suna daɗa zama mara amfani, yunƙuri kamar 8pinLinux suna ba da hanya don ƙarin sani da ingantaccen kwamfuta.
Gwajin da Grinberg ya jagoranta ya nuna yadda ƙirƙira ba koyaushe ke buƙatar babban kasafin kuɗi ko fasaha mai ƙima ba. A akasin wannan, fasaha fasaha da zurfin fahimtar da software zai iya cimma sakamako mai ruguza gaske.
Daga girman girmansa, wannan ƙaramin na'ura mai kwakwalwa ya bayyana a fili cewa makomar kwamfuta kuma na iya zama m, inganci, kuma, sama da duka, mai araha. Raba bayanin don sauran masu amfani su sani game da wannan microcomputer na 8pinLinux.